Male Reproductive Glands - Testes

The testes are responsible for producing sperm and the male sex hormone, testosterone. Sperm production occurs in the seminiferous tubules within the testes. These tubules are coiled structures where sperm cells are produced through a process called spermatogenesis.

Female Reproductive Glands - Ovaries

The ovaries are responsible for producing eggs and the female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone. Each month, during the menstrual cycle, the ovaries release an egg in a process called ovulation.

Comparing the Two

While the primary function of the testes is sperm production, the ovaries' primary function is to produce eggs. Both also play a crucial role in the production of sex hormones, which are essential for the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the regulation of the reproductive system.