Silicon

Silicon is a chemical element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a hard, brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic luster. Silicon is the eighth most abundant element in the universe and is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up 25.7% of the crust by weight.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Silicon

Silicon is a semiconductor, meaning it has an intermediate conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. It has a high melting point of 1414°C and a boiling point of 3265°C. Silicon does not react with most acids but is highly reactive with halogens (such as fluorine and chlorine) at high temperatures.

Uses of Silicon

Silicon has a wide range of applications, especially in the electronics industry. It is used to make semiconductors, which are essential components of electronic devices such as computer chips and solar cells. Silicon is also used in the production of glass, ceramics, and as an alloying agent in the production of steel. Additionally, silicon is a key component in the manufacturing of silicone compounds, which are used in various applications such as sealants, adhesives, and lubricants.

Study Guide

1. What is the chemical symbol for silicon?
2. What is the atomic number of silicon?
3. What is the abundance of silicon in the Earth's crust?
4. What is the physical state of silicon at room temperature?
5. What are some of the main applications of silicon?

[Silicon] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• Elements and the periodic tableScience • Seventh Grade
• Earth's CrustEarth Science • High School
• Modern ElectronicsPhysics • High School
• MineralsScience • Eighth Grade
• Plate tectonicsScience • Eighth Grade