Tectonic Forces

Tectonic forces are the natural processes that cause the movement and deformation of the Earth's crust. These forces are responsible for the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.

Types of Tectonic Forces

There are three main types of tectonic forces:

1. Compression: This force occurs when tectonic plates are pushed together, causing the crust to bend and fold, leading to the formation of mountains.
2. Tension: Tensional forces pull tectonic plates apart, leading to the formation of rift valleys and ocean basins.
3. Shear: Shearing forces cause tectonic plates to slide past each other horizontally, leading to earthquakes along faults.

Effects of Tectonic Forces

Tectonic forces have several effects on the Earth's crust, including:

• Formation of mountains and mountain ranges
• Creation of rift valleys and ocean basins
• Generation of earthquakes and volcanic activity
• Formation of faults and folds in the Earth's crust

Study Guide

To study tectonic forces, it is important to:

1. Understand the three main types of tectonic forces: compression, tension, and shear.
2. Learn about the effects of tectonic forces on the Earth's crust, including the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
3. Identify examples of tectonic forces in different parts of the world, such as the Himalayas (formed by compression) and the East African Rift (formed by tension).
4. Understand the role of tectonic forces in shaping the Earth's surface and contributing to geologic hazards.