Structure of an Axon

An axon is covered by a layer of fatty tissue called the myelin sheath, which acts as an insulator and helps to speed up the transmission of electrical impulses. The myelin sheath is segmented by small gaps called nodes of Ranvier, which play a role in the rapid conduction of nerve impulses along the axon.

Function of an Axon

The primary function of an axon is to transmit electrical impulses, known as action potentials, away from the neuron's cell body and toward the axon terminals. These impulses travel along the length of the axon and are essential for communication within the nervous system.

Study Guide for Axons

To understand the concept of axons, it's important to focus on the following key points:

Anatomy: Learn about the structure of an axon, including the myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier.
Function: Understand the role of axons in transmitting electrical impulses within the nervous system.
Types of Axons: Explore the different types of axons, such as motor neurons and sensory neurons, and how they contribute to the functioning of the nervous system.
Neurological Disorders: Investigate how damage or dysfunction of axons can lead to neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, and the impact it has on the body.