Carboniferous Period

The Carboniferous period, also known as the "Coal Age," lasted from about 359 to 299 million years ago. It was a time of great environmental change and the widespread formation of coal deposits.

Geography and Climate

During the Carboniferous period, the Earth was covered in vast swampy forests, and the continents were positioned near the equator. The climate was warm and humid, leading to the lush growth of vegetation.

Plant Life

The Carboniferous period was characterized by the dominance of giant ferns, horsetails, and club mosses. These plants thrived in the swampy, oxygen-rich environment and formed the basis for the massive coal deposits that would later form.

Animal Life

This period saw the evolution of early amphibians and the emergence of the first reptiles. In the swamps, giant insects such as dragonflies and millipedes thrived due to the high oxygen levels and abundant plant life.

Study Guide

1. What is another name for the Carboniferous period?
2. Describe the climate during the Carboniferous period.
3. What types of plants dominated the Carboniferous period?
4. What types of animals thrived in the Carboniferous swamps?
5. Why were coal deposits formed during the Carboniferous period?