Charles's Law

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, when pressure and amount of gas are held constant. In simpler terms, as the temperature of a gas increases, so does its volume, and as the temperature decreases, the volume also decreases.

Key Concepts:

1. Volume: The amount of space that a gas occupies.
2. Temperature: The measure of the average kinetic energy of the gas particles.
3. Proportional: When one value increases or decreases, the other value changes in the same direction by a constant factor.

Mathematical Representation:

Charles's Law can be mathematically represented as:

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

Where:

• V1 = Initial volume of the gas
• T1 = Initial temperature of the gas (in Kelvin)
• V2 = Final volume of the gas
• T2 = Final temperature of the gas (in Kelvin)

Example Problem:

If a gas has an initial volume of 2 liters at a temperature of 300 K, what will be its volume when the temperature is increased to 400 K?

Using Charles's Law formula:

2L / 300K = V2 / 400K

Solving for V2:

V2 = (2L * 400K) / 300K

V2 = 2.67 liters

So, the volume of the gas will be 2.67 liters when the temperature is increased to 400 K.

Study Guide:

Here are some key points to remember about Charles's Law:

1. Temperature must be in Kelvin when using Charles's Law.
2. As temperature increases, volume increases, and vice versa.
3. Pressure and amount of gas must remain constant for Charles's Law to be applicable.
4. Charles's Law can be graphically represented as a straight line when volume is plotted against temperature at a constant pressure.

Hope this helps! Let me know if you have any more questions.