Sodium Chloride

Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is a compound formed from the ionic bonding of sodium and chlorine. It has the chemical formula NaCl and is a crystalline solid at room temperature. Sodium chloride is essential for life and is commonly used as a seasoning and preservative for food.

Properties of Sodium Chloride

• Physical State: Solid
• Color: White
• Taste: Salty
• Solubility: Highly soluble in water
• Melting Point: 801°C (1474°F)
• Boiling Point: 1465°C (2669°F)

Formation of Sodium Chloride

Sodium chloride is formed through the reaction of sodium metal with chlorine gas. The sodium atoms lose an electron to form positively charged ions (Na+), while the chlorine atoms gain an electron to form negatively charged ions (Cl-). These ions are then attracted to each other through electrostatic forces, forming a stable ionic compound - sodium chloride.

Uses of Sodium Chloride

Sodium chloride has a wide range of uses, including:

• As a seasoning for food
• As a preservative for food
• In the production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide
• In the production of pharmaceuticals and medical products
• In the chemical industry for various processes

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about sodium chloride:

1. Sodium chloride is a compound formed from sodium and chlorine through ionic bonding.
2. It is commonly known as table salt and is essential for life.
3. Sodium chloride is a white, crystalline solid with a salty taste.
4. It is highly soluble in water and has a high melting and boiling point.
5. The formation of sodium chloride involves the transfer of electrons between sodium and chlorine atoms to form ions.
6. Sodium chloride has various uses, including as a seasoning, preservative, and in industrial processes.

It's important to understand the properties, formation, and uses of sodium chloride for a comprehensive understanding of this essential compound.