Axon Terminal

The axon terminal, also known as the synaptic terminal or terminal bouton, is the end of an axon that forms a synapse with a target cell. It is a crucial structure in the nervous system as it is responsible for transmitting signals from one neuron to another or to an effector cell, such as a muscle or gland.

Structure of Axon Terminal

The axon terminal is filled with small synaptic vesicles that contain neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft, the small gap between the axon terminal and the target cell, where they can bind to receptors on the target cell's membrane.

Function of Axon Terminal

The primary function of the axon terminal is to transmit signals from one neuron to another or to an effector cell. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. The neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the target cell, leading to the propagation of the signal.

Study Guide

1. What is the axon terminal?
2. Describe the structure of the axon terminal.
3. What is the function of the axon terminal?
4. How does the axon terminal transmit signals?
5. Explain the role of neurotransmitters in the axon terminal.

Understanding the structure and function of the axon terminal is essential for comprehending the mechanisms of signal transmission in the nervous system.