Venus

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" due to their similar size and composition. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty.

Characteristics of Venus

• Size: Venus is similar in size to Earth, with a diameter of about 12,104 kilometers.
• Atmosphere: The atmosphere of Venus is primarily composed of carbon dioxide, with traces of nitrogen and other gases. It is known for its dense and toxic atmosphere, which creates a greenhouse effect, trapping heat and making it the hottest planet in the solar system.
• Surface: Venus has a rocky surface with volcanic plains, highland regions, and impact craters. Its surface temperature can reach up to 465°C (869°F).
• Rotation: Venus rotates on its axis very slowly, taking about 243 Earth days to complete one rotation. Interestingly, Venus has a retrograde rotation, meaning it rotates in the opposite direction to most planets in the solar system.
• Orbit: Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 108 million kilometers, with an orbital period of about 225 Earth days.

Exploration of Venus

Several spacecraft have been sent to study Venus, including the Venera and Magellan missions. These missions have provided valuable information about the planet's atmosphere, surface features, and geology.

Study Guide: Key Points to Remember

1. What is the position of Venus in the solar system?
2. Describe the atmosphere of Venus and its impact on the planet's climate.
3. What are the main features of Venus's surface?
4. How does Venus's rotation differ from that of most other planets?
5. What is the average distance of Venus from the Sun?

Remember to review the characteristics, exploration, and key points about Venus to deepen your understanding of this fascinating planet!