Fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics that are commonly used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. They work by inhibiting the enzymes necessary for DNA replication in bacteria, ultimately leading to the death of the bacterial cells.

Mechanism of Action

Fluoroquinolones exert their antibacterial activity by targeting the enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for the supercoiling and relaxation of bacterial DNA. By inhibiting these enzymes, fluoroquinolones disrupt the DNA replication process in bacteria, leading to cell death.

Common Uses

Fluoroquinolones are commonly prescribed to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and certain sexually transmitted infections. They are also used in the treatment of some cases of traveler's diarrhea and to prevent anthrax infection after exposure.

Potential Side Effects

While fluoroquinolones are effective antibiotics, they can also have potential side effects. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness. In some cases, fluoroquinolones have been associated with more serious side effects such as tendonitis, tendon rupture, and nerve damage. It is important to use fluoroquinolones only as prescribed and to discuss any concerns with a healthcare professional.

Study Guide

1. What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones?
2. What are the common uses of fluoroquinolones?
3. What are the potential side effects of fluoroquinolones?