Mars

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury. It is often referred to as the "Red Planet" because of its reddish appearance. Mars has captured the human imagination for centuries and has been a focus of scientific exploration and study.

Key Facts About Mars

1. Orbital Period: 687 Earth days
2. Surface Temperature: -87 to -5 degrees Celsius (-125 to 23 degrees Fahrenheit)
3. Atmosphere: Thin atmosphere composed mostly of carbon dioxide
4. Moons: Mars has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos
5. Surface Features: Mars is home to the largest volcano in the Solar System, Olympus Mons, and the longest canyon, Valles Marineris

Exploration of Mars

Humans have been studying Mars for centuries, but the first spacecraft to successfully fly by Mars was Mariner 4 in 1965. Since then, numerous missions have been sent to study the planet, including orbiters, landers, and rovers. Notable missions include the Mars rovers Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity, which have provided valuable data about the planet's geology, climate, and potential for past habitability.

Potential for Life

One of the key questions driving Mars exploration is whether the planet could have supported life in the past, or even if microbial life could currently exist there. Evidence of liquid water in the past has been found, and ongoing research continues to look for signs of life on Mars.

Study Guide

1. What is the orbital period of Mars?
2. Describe the atmosphere of Mars.
3. What are the two small moons of Mars?
4. What are some notable surface features of Mars?
5. Discuss the exploration of Mars by spacecraft.
6. What is the potential for life on Mars?

Now that you have an understanding of the key facts about Mars, its exploration history, and the potential for life, you can delve deeper into the topic by researching and answering the study guide questions.

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