Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element with the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile.

Properties of Nickel:

• Atomic number: 28
• Symbol: Ni
• Atomic mass: 58.6934 u
• State at room temperature: Solid
• Melting point: 1,455°C (2,651°F)
• Boiling point: 2,913°C (5,275°F)
• Density: 8.908 g/cm³
• Hardness: Relatively hard

Uses of Nickel:

Nickel is widely used in many industrial and consumer products. Some of its common uses include:

• Manufacturing of stainless steel
• Production of coins
• Alloying with other metals to create materials with special properties
• Electroplating to provide a decorative and durable finish
• As a catalyst in chemical reactions

Occurrence and Extraction:

Nickel is found in the Earth's crust and is primarily obtained from the minerals pentlandite, pyrrhotite, and garnierite. The extraction of nickel from its ores involves processes such as roasting and reduction to obtain the metal in its pure form.

Health and Environmental Effects:

Nickel can have both positive and negative effects. While it is an essential trace element for some organisms, excessive exposure to nickel can lead to health issues such as skin rashes and respiratory problems. Nickel and its compounds can also have environmental implications if not managed properly.

Study Guide:

Here are some key points to remember when studying nickel:

1. What is the atomic number of nickel?
2. State some common uses of nickel.
3. How is nickel extracted from its ores?
4. Discuss the health and environmental effects of nickel.

Understanding the properties, uses, occurrence, and effects of nickel is important for gaining a comprehensive knowledge of this important element.