Tectonic Forces

Tectonic forces are the natural processes that cause the movement and deformation of the Earth's crust. These forces play a significant role in shaping the Earth's surface and are responsible for the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.

Types of Tectonic Forces

1. Compression: Compression occurs when tectonic plates move towards each other, causing the crust to buckle and fold. This process often leads to the formation of mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, where the Indian plate is colliding with the Eurasian plate.
2. Tension: Tension occurs when tectonic plates move away from each other, leading to the stretching and thinning of the crust. This process can result in the formation of rift valleys, such as the East African Rift, where the African plate is pulling away from the Arabian plate.
3. Shear: Shear occurs when tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. This type of movement can cause earthquakes along fault lines, such as the San Andreas Fault in California.

Study Guide for Tectonic Forces

1. What are tectonic forces?
   Tectonic forces are natural processes that cause the movement and deformation of the Earth's crust.
2. What are the three main types of tectonic forces?
   Compression, tension, and shear.
3. Give an example of a landform created by compression.
   The Himalayas, formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.
4. What landform is created by tension?
   Rift valleys, such as the East African Rift.
5. What geological event is associated with shear forces?
   Earthquakes along fault lines, such as the San Andreas Fault.

Remember to study the different types of tectonic forces and the landforms associated with each type. Understanding these forces is crucial for comprehending the dynamic processes that shape the Earth's surface.