Stomach

The stomach is a muscular organ located on the left side of the upper abdomen. It plays a key role in the digestion of food by secreting digestive juices and churning food to aid in the breakdown process.

Anatomy of the Stomach

The stomach is divided into four main regions: the cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus. It is lined with mucous membrane that contains millions of gastric glands responsible for producing gastric juices.

Functions of the Stomach

• Digestion: The stomach helps break down food into a semi-liquid mixture called chyme through the action of gastric juices and muscle contractions.
• Storage: It serves as a temporary storage site for food, allowing for controlled release into the small intestine for further digestion.
• Protection: The stomach's acidic environment helps kill bacteria and other pathogens that may be present in ingested food.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about the stomach:

1. Identify the four main regions of the stomach and their respective functions.
2. Describe the role of gastric glands in the production of gastric juices.
3. Explain the process of digestion in the stomach, including the churning of food and the production of chyme.
4. Discuss the importance of the stomach's acidic environment in protecting the body from pathogens.

Understanding the anatomy and functions of the stomach is essential for comprehending the process of digestion and the overall functioning of the digestive system.