Chemical: Explanation and Study Guide
What is a Chemical?
A chemical is a substance with a specific composition and properties. It is made up of atoms and molecules, and it can undergo chemical reactions to form new substances. Chemicals are all around us and are an essential part of our daily lives.
Types of Chemicals
There are various types of chemicals, including:
- Element: A pure substance made up of only one type of atom, such as oxygen or gold.
- Compound: A substance made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together, such as water (H2O) or carbon dioxide (CO2).
- Mixture: A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded, such as saltwater or air.
Properties of Chemicals
Chemicals have specific properties that define their behavior, including:
- Physical Properties: These include characteristics such as color, shape, density, and melting point.
- Chemical Properties: These describe how a substance behaves in the presence of other substances, such as its reactivity or flammability.
Chemical Reactions
Chemicals can undergo reactions to form new substances. Some common types of chemical reactions include:
- Combustion: A reaction with oxygen that produces heat and light, such as burning wood or gasoline.
- Acid-Base Reactions: Reactions between acids and bases that form water and a salt.
- Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: Reactions involving the transfer of electrons, such as rusting of iron.
Study Guide
To study the topic of chemicals, you can follow these steps:
- Learn about the basic structure of atoms and molecules.
- Understand the differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures.
- Explore the physical and chemical properties of different chemicals.
- Study common types of chemical reactions and their characteristics.
- Practice identifying and balancing chemical equations.
By understanding the properties and behaviors of chemicals, you can gain a deeper appreciation for the world around you and the fundamental processes that govern it.
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Interdependence - A. Plants and animals, including humans, interact with and depend upon each other and their environment to satisfy their basic needs. B. Both human activities and natural events can have major impacts on the environment. C. Energy flows from the sun through producers to consumers.
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