Melting

Melting is the process by which a solid substance changes into a liquid state. This occurs when the substance is heated to a specific temperature called the melting point. At this temperature, the solid's internal structure begins to break down, and the particles start to move more freely, causing the substance to change from a solid to a liquid.

Factors Affecting Melting

• Temperature: The most important factor affecting melting is the temperature. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles also increases, causing them to break free from their fixed positions and transition into the liquid state.
• Pressure: In some cases, an increase in pressure can also affect the melting point of a substance. For example, ice melts at a lower temperature under high pressure.
• Impurities: Impurities in a substance can also affect its melting point. Adding impurities can either raise or lower the melting point, depending on the nature of the impurity and its interaction with the substance.

Examples of Melting

Some common examples of melting include:

• Ice melting into water when heated.
• Candle wax melting when exposed to heat.
• Chocolate melting when heated, and then solidifying again when cooled.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about melting:

1. Define melting and explain the process.
2. Identify the factors that affect the melting point of a substance.
3. Give examples of melting in everyday life.
4. Discuss the importance of melting in various industrial processes.

Understanding the concept of melting is essential in comprehending the physical properties of matter and the changes that occur under different conditions.