Geological Context

The Ordovician period was part of the Paleozoic era, which is known for the diversification of marine life and the colonization of land by plants and animals. It followed the Cambrian period and preceded the Silurian period.

Climate and Geography

During the Ordovician period, much of the Earth was covered by warm, shallow seas. The climate was generally mild, although there were fluctuations in temperature over time. The continents were clustered together in a supercontinent called Gondwana, while other landmasses were scattered across the equator.

Life Forms

The Ordovician period saw the emergence of a wide variety of marine life forms, including early fish, arthropods, corals, brachiopods, and trilobites. Some of the first land plants also appeared during this time, paving the way for terrestrial ecosystems to develop.

Mass Extinction

Toward the end of the Ordovician period, a significant mass extinction event occurred, likely due to a combination of climate change, glaciation, and changes in ocean chemistry. This event had a major impact on marine life, particularly brachiopods and trilobites.

Study Questions

What are the major geological events that occurred during the Ordovician period?
How did the climate and geography of the Earth change during the Ordovician period?
Describe some of the key marine life forms that emerged during the Ordovician period.
What were the factors that may have contributed to the mass extinction at the end of the Ordovician period?