Terrestrial Planets

Terrestrial planets are a group of four inner planets in our solar system that are primarily composed of rock and metal. These planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. They are called terrestrial planets because they have a solid, rocky surface, in contrast to the gas giants, which are primarily composed of gases and liquids.

Characteristics of Terrestrial Planets:

1. Rocky Surface: Terrestrial planets have a solid surface made up of rocks and metals.
2. Thin Atmosphere: Their atmospheres are relatively thin compared to the gas giants.
3. Closest to the Sun: Terrestrial planets are closer to the sun compared to the gas giants.
4. Small Size: They are smaller in size compared to the gas giants.
5. Slow Rotation: Terrestrial planets have slower rotation compared to the gas giants.

Key Facts about Each Terrestrial Planet:

• Mercury: The smallest and closest planet to the sun, with a heavily cratered surface.
• Venus: Known for its thick atmosphere and extreme greenhouse effect, making it the hottest planet in the solar system.
• Earth: The only planet known to support life, with diverse ecosystems and a protective atmosphere.
• Mars: Known for its red color due to iron oxide on its surface, and has the largest volcano and canyon in the solar system.

Study Guide for Terrestrial Planets:

1. What are terrestrial planets and how do they differ from gas giants?
2. List the four terrestrial planets in our solar system and their key characteristics.
3. Compare and contrast the surface features of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
4. Explain the significance of Earth's atmosphere in supporting life.
5. Discuss the potential for human exploration and colonization of terrestrial planets.

Studying terrestrial planets provides valuable insights into the formation and evolution of rocky worlds, as well as the potential for life beyond Earth.