Rock
Rock is a naturally occurring solid substance composed of one or more minerals. It can also contain organic material or glass. Rocks are classified into three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten material, either lava or magma. They can be further classified into two types: intrusive and extrusive. Intrusive igneous rocks form within the Earth's crust, while extrusive igneous rocks form on the Earth's surface.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compression of sediments, such as sand, mud, and organic debris. Over time, these sediments are compacted and cemented together to form solid rock.
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of existing rock through heat, pressure, or chemical processes. This transformation occurs without melting the rock entirely.
Rock Cycle
The rock cycle is a continuous process of rock formation, alteration, and destruction. It involves the transformation of rocks from one type to another through various geological processes such as erosion, deposition, melting, and recrystallization.
Study Guide
- What are the three main types of rocks?
- How are igneous rocks formed?
- What are the two types of igneous rocks?
- What is the process of forming sedimentary rocks?
- How are metamorphic rocks formed?
- Explain the rock cycle and its significance.
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