Growth Hormone

Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration in humans and other animals. It is produced by the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain.

Functions of Growth Hormone

• Promotes growth of bones and tissues
• Stimulates protein synthesis
• Increases utilization of fat for energy
• Supports immune function
• Regulates metabolism

Regulation of Growth Hormone

Growth hormone secretion is regulated by the hypothalamus in the brain. The hypothalamus releases growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH), also known as somatostatin, to control the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland.

Disorders Related to Growth Hormone

Imbalances in growth hormone levels can lead to various disorders, such as gigantism (excessive growth in childhood), acromegaly (excessive growth in adulthood), and dwarfism (insufficient growth).

Study Guide

1. What is the primary function of growth hormone?
2. Where is growth hormone produced?
3. How is the secretion of growth hormone regulated?
4. What are the potential disorders related to growth hormone imbalances?

Understanding the role and regulation of growth hormone is important in comprehending human growth and development, as well as in the treatment of growth-related disorders.