Ureters

The ureters are long, narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Each human has two ureters, one connected to each kidney. The primary function of the ureters is to transport urine produced by the kidneys to the urinary bladder, where it is stored before being excreted from the body through the urethra.

Structure of Ureters

The ureters are approximately 25-30 cm long and about 3-4 mm in diameter. They are composed of three layers:

1. Mucosa: The innermost layer, which is lined with transitional epithelium that allows for stretching as urine passes through.
2. Muscularis: The middle layer, consisting of smooth muscle fibers that create peristaltic waves to move urine towards the bladder.
3. Adventitia: The outer layer, made of connective tissue that anchors the ureters in place within the body.

Function of Ureters

The ureters play a crucial role in the urinary system by facilitating the transport of urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Peristaltic contractions of the smooth muscle in the ureter walls help propel urine downwards, overcoming gravity and ensuring a unidirectional flow of urine.

Study Guide

1. What is the function of the ureters?
2. Describe the structure of the ureters.
3. How do the ureters move urine towards the bladder?
4. What is the role of peristalsis in the function of the ureters?

Understanding the anatomy and function of the ureters is essential for comprehending the urinary system and its role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body.