Respiration
Respiration is the process by which living organisms take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. It is a vital process for all living organisms, as it is essential for the production of energy.
Types of Respiration
There are two main types of respiration: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
- Aerobic Respiration: This type of respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and is the most efficient way to produce energy. It takes place in the mitochondria of cells and involves the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
- Anaerobic Respiration: This type of respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen. It is less efficient than aerobic respiration and produces lactic acid or ethanol as by-products.
The Respiratory System
The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the body and the environment. It includes the lungs, diaphragm, and other structures involved in breathing.
Study Guide
- What is respiration?
- What are the two main types of respiration?
- Describe aerobic respiration and where it takes place in cells.
- Explain anaerobic respiration and its by-products.
- What is the role of the respiratory system in respiration?
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EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
Earth’s Systems
Use evidence to explain how different geologic processes shape Earth’s history over widely varying scales of space and time (e.g., chemical and physical erosion; tectonic plate processes; volcanic eruptions; meteor impacts; regional geographical features, including Alabama fault lines, Rickwood Caverns, and Wetumpka Impact Crater).
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Use models to explain how the flow of Earth’s internal energy drives a cycling of matter between Earth’s surface and deep interior causing plate movements (e.g., mid-ocean ridges, ocean trenches, volcanoes, earthquakes, mountains, rift valleys, volcanic islands).