What are Salts?

Salts are ionic compounds that are composed of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). The most common type of salt is sodium chloride (NaCl), which is table salt.

Formation of Salts

Salts are formed through a chemical reaction called neutralization, which occurs when an acid reacts with a base. During this reaction, the H+ ions from the acid combine with the OH- ions from the base to form water, and the remaining ions combine to form the salt.

Properties of Salts

• Solubility: Some salts are soluble in water, while others are insoluble.
• Conductivity: When dissolved in water, salts can conduct electricity due to the presence of ions.
• Crystal Structure: Salts often form crystals with distinct shapes.
• Color: Some salts are colorless, while others have distinct colors.

Common Salts

Some common salts include:

1. Sodium chloride (NaCl): Table salt
2. Potassium nitrate (KNO₃): Used in fertilizers and fireworks
3. Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃): Found in limestone and used in antacids
4. Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl): Used in dry cell batteries and as a flux in soldering

Study Guide

When studying salts, consider the following key points:

1. Understand the formation of salts through neutralization reactions.
2. Learn the properties of salts, including solubility, conductivity, crystal structure, and color.
3. Memorize common salts and their uses.
4. Practice identifying salts based on their chemical formulas and properties.
5. Experiment with the solubility of different salts in water.