Photosphere

The photosphere is the outer shell of the Sun. It is the layer from which light is emitted and is the visible surface of the Sun that we see. The photosphere has a temperature of about 5,500 degrees Celsius and is where sunspots, solar flares, and other solar phenomena occur.

Structure of the Photosphere

The photosphere is composed of hot, dense plasma and is approximately 300 miles thick. Its color appears to us as a bright yellow, due to the combination of all the colors of light emitted by the Sun. The photosphere is not a solid surface but rather a layer of gas, and its density decreases with increasing height above the Sun's surface.

Features of the Photosphere

One of the prominent features of the photosphere is sunspots, which are dark, cooler regions on the Sun's surface caused by magnetic activity. Additionally, granules, which are small, convection cells, are also visible on the photosphere. These features are constantly moving and changing due to the Sun's dynamic nature.

Studying the Photosphere

To study the photosphere, scientists use instruments like spectroscopes to analyze the light emitted from this layer. By studying the absorption and emission lines in the photospheric spectrum, scientists can gain insights into the chemical composition, temperature, and other properties of the Sun's outer layer.

Study Guide

1. What is the photosphere?
2. Describe the structure of the photosphere.
3. What are some features of the photosphere?
4. How do scientists study the photosphere?

For further exploration, you can also research the relationship between the photosphere and the Sun's magnetic field, as well as the impact of solar activity on Earth's environment.