Cesium

Cesium is a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5°C (83.3°F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature.

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Atomic Number: 55
• Symbol: Cs
• Melting Point: 28.5°C (83.3°F)
• Boiling Point: 671°C (1,240°F)
• Density: 1.93 grams per cubic centimeter
• State at Room Temperature: Solid (but melts easily due to low melting point)
• Reactivity: Highly reactive, especially with water

Occurrence and Uses

Cesium is not found in its pure form in nature, but it is found in various minerals. It is primarily obtained from the mineral pollucite and is also found in some other minerals such as lepidolite and amblygonite. Cesium has several important uses, including:

1. As a catalyst in the production of organic chemicals
2. In atomic clocks, which are the most accurate time and frequency standards
3. In the oil industry for drilling fluids
4. In the production of electricity from nuclear reactors

Health and Safety Considerations

Cesium and its compounds are toxic and should be handled with care. In the event of exposure, prompt medical attention is necessary. Cesium can also pose environmental hazards if not disposed of properly.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about cesium:

1. What is the atomic number of cesium?
2. Describe the physical state of cesium at room temperature.
3. What is the primary source of cesium?
4. What are some important uses of cesium?
5. Why is it important to handle cesium with care?

Understanding these points will give you a good grasp of the essential aspects of cesium.

[Cesium] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• Elements and the periodic tableScience • Seventh Grade
• Elements, mixtures and compoundsScience • Fifth Grade