What are x-rays?

X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with high energy and short wavelengths. They were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895 and have since found widespread use in fields such as medicine, industry, and scientific research.

How are x-rays produced?

X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons, accelerated by a high voltage, collide with a metal target. This collision causes the electrons to release energy in the form of x-rays.

How do x-rays interact with matter?

X-rays can pass through less dense materials such as soft tissues, but they are absorbed by denser materials such as bones and metal. This property allows x-rays to create images of the internal structures of objects, including the human body.

Medical applications of x-rays

• X-rays are commonly used in medical imaging to diagnose and monitor conditions such as fractures, infections, and tumors.
• They are also used in radiation therapy to treat cancer by targeting and destroying cancerous cells.

Industrial applications of x-rays

• In industrial settings, x-rays are used for non-destructive testing of materials, such as inspecting welds and detecting defects in metal components.
• They are also used in security screening at airports and other high-security locations to inspect the contents of luggage and packages.

Risks and safety precautions

Exposure to high levels of x-rays can be harmful to living organisms, potentially causing tissue damage and increasing the risk of cancer. It is important to use proper shielding and safety measures when working with x-ray equipment.