There are several types of antihypertensive drugs, each working in different ways to lower bloodpressure:
Diuretics: These drugs help the body get rid of excess sodium and water, reducing blood volume.
ACE Inhibitors: They block the production of a hormone called angiotensin II, which causesblood vessels to constrict.
ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers): These drugs block the action of angiotensin II, leading to relaxation of blood vessels.
Calcium Channel Blockers: They prevent calcium from entering the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, causing relaxation and widening of the vessels.
Like all medications, antihypertensives have potential side effects and precautions that should be considered:
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Fatigue
Headaches
Nausea
Cough
Swelling in the legs
Rapid heartbeat
It's important to follow the prescribed dosage and not to discontinue the medication without consulting a healthcare professional. Additionally, certain antihypertensives may not be suitable for pregnant women or people with certain medical conditions, so it's crucial to discuss any existing health issues with a doctor before starting antihypertensive treatment.
Study Guide
Here are some key points to remember about antihypertensives:
Define hypertension and its potential health risks.
List and explain at least three types of antihypertensive drugs and how they work.
Discuss the possible side effects of antihypertensives and precautions to be taken while using them.
Explain the importance of following prescribed dosage and consulting a healthcare professional before discontinuing the medication.
Identify the specific types of antihypertensives that may not be suitable for pregnant women or individuals with certain medical conditions.
Understanding antihypertensives and their role in managing high bloodpressure is essential for anyone studying pharmacology or interested in maintaining cardiovascular health.
Use evidence and scientific reasoning to explain how characteristic animal behaviors (e.g., building nests to protect young from cold, herding to protect young from predators, attracting mates for breeding by producing special sounds and displaying colorful plumage, transferring pollen or seeds to create conditions for seed germination and growth) and specialized plant structures (e.g., flower brightness, nectar, and odor attracting birds that transfer pollen; hard outer shells on seeds providing protection prior to germination) affect the probability of successful reproduction of both animals and plants.