Physical Characteristics

Clams have a soft body enclosed in a hard shell made up of two halves, or valves, connected by a hinge. The shell is typically made of calcium carbonate and is often symmetrical. The soft body consists of the mantle, foot, and visceral mass.

Habitat

Clams are found in both freshwater and marine environments. They are commonly found in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and intertidal zones. Some species burrow in sand or mud, while others attach themselves to rocks or other hard surfaces.

Feeding

Clams are filter feeders, meaning they feed by pumping water through their gills and trapping tiny food particles, such as plankton and detritus, on mucus-covered gill filaments. They then move the trapped particles to their mouth for ingestion.

Reproduction

Clams reproduce sexually by releasing eggs and sperm into the water, where fertilization occurs. The fertilized eggs develop into larvae, which eventually settle and grow into adult clams.

Ecological Importance

Clams play a crucial role in the ecosystem as filter feeders, helping to maintain water quality by removing organic particles and phytoplankton. They also serve as a food source for various predators, contributing to the food web.

Human Use

Clams are commercially harvested for food and are consumed in various cuisines around the world. They are also used in the production of pearls, as certain species can produce pearls under specific conditions.