Shield Volcanoes

A shield volcano is a type of volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows. They have a broad, gentle slope and are primarily formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basaltic magma. These volcanoes are named for their large, shield-like profile and are typically found at hotspots or over long-lasting mantle plumes.

Formation of Shield Volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of lava flows, which gradually build up the broad, gently sloping mountain. The lava flows from shield volcanoes are typically less viscous than the lava from other types of volcanoes, allowing the lava to flow further before solidifying. This results in the characteristic shield shape of the volcano.

Characteristics of Shield Volcanoes

• Low, broad profile
• Primarily made of basaltic lava flows
• Generally not very explosive
• Often found at hotspots or over mantle plumes
• Can reach great sizes, with the largest shield volcanoes being some of the largest mountains on Earth

Examples of Shield Volcanoes

Some famous shield volcanoes include Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Mount Kilauea in Hawaii, and the Galápagos Islands.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about shield volcanoes:

1. What type of lava primarily forms shield volcanoes?
2. Where are shield volcanoes typically found?
3. What is the characteristic shape of shield volcanoes?
4. Give an example of a shield volcano.

[Shield Volcanoes] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• VolcanoesScience • Seventh Grade
• Our Solar SystemScience • Seventh Grade