Magnesium

Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid that is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Magnesium is an essential mineral for human health and is involved in over 300 biochemical reactions in the body, including muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and protein synthesis.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Magnesium:

Atomic number: 12
Symbol: Mg
Atomic mass: 24.305 u
Boiling point: 1,202°C
Melting point: 650°C
Density: 1.738 g/cm³
State at room temperature: Solid
Color: Shiny gray

Uses of Magnesium:

Magnesium has a wide range of uses, including:

Alloying agent in aluminum, which results in a strong, lightweight material used in the aerospace industry
Production of magnesium-based compounds, such as magnesium oxide (used in the production of refractory bricks) and magnesium hydroxide (used in medicine as an antacid)
Manufacture of magnesium metal, which is used in flares, fireworks, and as a reducing agent in the production of other metals
As a supplement in agriculture to improve plant health and growth

Study Guide:

Here are some key points to remember when studying magnesium:

Understand the basic properties of magnesium, including its atomic number, symbol, atomic mass, and physical state at room temperature.
Learn about the importance of magnesium in biological systems and its role in human health.
Explore the various uses of magnesium in industry, medicine, and agriculture.
Understand the chemical reactivity of magnesium and its ability to form compounds with other elements.
Study the extraction and production processes of magnesium metal.
Review the environmental and health considerations associated with magnesium and its compounds.