Methane

Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4. It is a colorless, odorless gas and is the simplest alkane, and the main component of natural gas. Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and plays a significant role in the Earth's carbon cycle.

Properties of Methane

• Chemical formula: CH₄
• Molecular weight: 16.04 g/mol
• Physical state: Gas at room temperature and pressure
• Odor: Odorless
• Solubility: Insoluble in water
• Flammability: Highly flammable

Formation of Methane

Methane is produced by the anaerobic decay of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It is also the primary component of natural gas and can be extracted from underground reservoirs.

Uses of Methane

Methane has various industrial and domestic uses, including:

• As a fuel for heating and cooking
• As a feedstock for the production of chemicals such as methanol and acetic acid
• As a source of energy in power plants
• As a fuel for vehicles, particularly in the form of compressed natural gas (CNG)

Environmental Impact

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, with a much higher global warming potential than carbon dioxide. It is released into the atmosphere through natural processes such as wetland emissions and as a byproduct of human activities including livestock farming, rice cultivation, and fossil fuel extraction. Efforts to reduce methane emissions are important in addressing climate change.

Study Guide

When studying methane, consider the following key points:

1. Understand the chemical structure and properties of methane, including its flammability and odorless nature.
2. Explore the various sources and production methods of methane, including its role as a natural gas component.
3. Examine the uses of methane in industry, transportation, and domestic settings.
4. Discuss the environmental impact of methane and the importance of mitigating its release into the atmosphere.