Stratovolcanoes
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a tall, conical volcano composed of layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. These volcanoes are characterized by their steep sides and explosive eruptions.
Formation of Stratovolcanoes
Stratovolcanoes are formed by the alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, and tephra. The eruptions of these volcanoes are often explosive due to the high viscosity of the magma, which causes pressure to build up before the eruption.
Key Features of Stratovolcanoes
- Steep-sided cone shape
- Alternating layers of lava, ash, and tephra
- Explosive eruptions
- Often located at subduction zones
Examples of Stratovolcanoes
Some well-known stratovolcanoes include Mount St. Helens in the United States, Mount Fuji in Japan, and Mount Vesuvius in Italy.
Study Guide
Questions
- What are the key features of stratovolcanoes?
- How are stratovolcanoes formed?
- What causes the explosive eruptions of stratovolcanoes?
- Can you name three examples of stratovolcanoes?
Activities
1. Research and create a diagram illustrating the formation of a stratovolcano.
2. Compare and contrast the features of stratovolcanoes with shield volcanoes.
3. Watch a documentary or video about a historic eruption of a stratovolcano and take notes on the eruption dynamics.
Further Reading
For more in-depth information on stratovolcanoes, refer to the following resources:
- Geological textbooks
- Scientific journals
- Online resources from reputable geological organizations
