Myelin Sheath

The myelin sheath is a protective covering that surrounds the axons of nerve cells. It is made up of specialized cells called oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. The myelin sheath is composed of layers of lipids (fats) and proteins, and it acts as an insulating layer that helps to increase the speed of nerve impulse conduction.

Functions of the Myelin Sheath

1. Insulation: The myelin sheath insulates the axon, allowing for faster transmission of nerve impulses.
2. Protection: It provides protection for the axon, preventing damage and degradation.
3. Facilitation of Nerve Impulse Conduction: By insulating the axon, the myelin sheath facilitates the rapid conduction of nerve impulses, allowing for efficient communication within the nervous system.

Study Guide

To understand the myelin sheath, consider the following study guide:

1. What is the composition of the myelin sheath?
2. Identify the types of cells that produce the myelin sheath in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
3. Discuss the functions of the myelin sheath.
4. Explain the importance of the myelin sheath in nerve impulse conduction.
5. Compare and contrast the myelin sheath in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
6. Explore the implications of demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, on the function of the myelin sheath.

By studying these aspects of the myelin sheath, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of its structure and function within the nervous system.