Bone tissue is a specialized type of connective tissue that forms the skeletal system in vertebrates. It serves various functions, including providing structural support, protecting vital organs, producing blood cells, and storing minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.
There are two main types of bone tissue: compact bone and spongy bone.
At the microscopic level, bone tissue is composed of cells and extracellular matrix.
Bone tissue undergoes a process called ossification, which involves the formation of bone from osteoblasts. There are two types of ossification: intramembranous ossification, which occurs in flat bones, and endochondral ossification, which occurs in long bones.
Several factors influence the health and strength of bone tissue, including nutrition, physical activity, hormonal balance, and genetics. Proper nutrition, particularly adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, is essential for maintaining healthy bone tissue.
Some common bone disorders include osteoporosis, a condition characterized by decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures, and osteogenesis imperfecta, a genetic disorder that results in brittle and easily fractured bones.
To study bone tissue effectively, consider the following key points: