Cellulose

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants. It is the most abundant organic compound on Earth and serves as a structural component in the plant kingdom.

Structure of Cellulose

Cellulose is a polymer made up of repeating glucose units linked together by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. These glucose units are arranged in long, linear chains, which are held together by hydrogen bonds. This arrangement gives cellulose its high tensile strength and insolubility in water.

Function of Cellulose

Cellulose provides rigidity and support to plant cell walls, allowing plants to maintain their shape and structure. It also plays a role in water transport and resistance to pathogens and pests.

Digestibility of Cellulose

While cellulose is an important component of the human diet in the form of dietary fiber, humans lack the enzyme necessary to break down the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in cellulose. As a result, cellulose is not digestible by humans and serves mainly as a bulking agent in the diet, aiding in digestion and promoting bowel health.

Study Guide

1. What is the chemical structure of cellulose?
2. What is the function of cellulose in plant cells?
3. Why is cellulose important in the human diet?
4. How does the structure of cellulose contribute to its properties?
5. What are some common sources of cellulose in the diet?

Understanding the structure and function of cellulose is crucial for understanding plant biology, nutrition, and the importance of dietary fiber in human health.