Porifera: The Sponges

Porifera is a phylum of simple aquatic animals commonly known as sponges. They are considered the simplest and most primitive of all animals. Sponges are multicellular organisms that lack true tissues and organs. They are found in marine and freshwater environments, and they come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors.

Key Characteristics of Porifera:

• Asymmetrical Body: Sponges do not have a definite symmetry.
• Porous Body: Their bodies are perforated with numerous pores and channels that allow water to flow through them.
• Spicules: Many sponges have skeletal elements called spicules, which provide structural support.
• Filter Feeding: Sponges are filter feeders, meaning they filter food particles from the water that passes through their bodies.
• Reproduction: They can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

Study Guide for Porifera:

1. What are the key characteristics of Porifera?
2. Where are sponges found?
3. How do sponges obtain their food?
4. Describe the structural support elements found in many sponges.
5. How do sponges reproduce?

Understanding Porifera is important for understanding the diversity of life on Earth and the evolutionary history of animals. By studying Porifera, we can gain insights into the early stages of animal evolution and the adaptations that have allowed these organisms to thrive in various aquatic environments.