Circular Polarization

Circular polarization is a phenomenon that occurs when the electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave describes a helical path as the wave propagates through space.

Mechanism of Circular Polarization

Circular polarization can be achieved by combining two perpendicular linearly polarized waves that are out of phase by a quarter of a wavelength. This results in the creation of a rotating electric field vector.

Types of Circular Polarization

There are two types of circular polarization: right-handed and left-handed. In right-handed circular polarization, the electric field vector rotates in a clockwise direction when viewed in the direction of wave propagation. In left-handed circular polarization, the rotation is counterclockwise.

Applications of Circular Polarization

Circular polarization has a wide range of applications, including in satellite communication, 3D movie technology, and optical microscopy.

Study Guide

1. Describe the mechanism of circular polarization.
2. What are the two types of circular polarization?
3. Explain the applications of circular polarization in at least two different fields.