Subatomic Particles

Subatomic particles are the smallest particles that make up atoms. These particles include protons, neutrons, and electrons. Understanding subatomic particles is crucial to understanding the structure of atoms and the behavior of matter at the atomic level.

Protons

Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They have a relative mass of 1 and a charge of +1.

Neutrons

Neutrons are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They have a relative mass of 1 and no net charge.

Electrons

Electrons are negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom. They have a relative mass of nearly 0 and a charge of -1.

Atomic Structure

The arrangement of subatomic particles within an atom determines its properties. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons occupy energy levels or shells surrounding the nucleus.

Study Guide

1. What is the charge and relative mass of a proton?
2. Where are neutrons located within an atom?
3. Describe the location and charge of electrons in an atom.
4. Explain the role of subatomic particles in determining the properties of an atom.
5. Draw a simple diagram illustrating the arrangement of subatomic particles within an atom.

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