Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. It is a gas giant, similar in composition to Uranus, and is often referred to as an "ice giant" due to its cold temperatures and high concentrations of ice.
Key Facts about Neptune:
- Discovery: Neptune was discovered in 1846 by Johann Galle and Heinrich d'Arrest.
- Orbit and Rotation: Neptune orbits the Sun at an average distance of 4.5 billion kilometers (about 30 times the distance between Earth and the Sun). It takes about 165 Earth years to complete one orbit. Neptune rotates on its axis once every 16 hours.
- Atmosphere: Neptune's atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen, helium, and methane. It has the fastest winds in the Solar System, reaching speeds of up to 2,100 kilometers per hour.
- Moons: Neptune has 14 known moons, the largest of which is Triton. Triton is unique among large moons in the Solar System because it orbits Neptune in the opposite direction of the planet's rotation.
- Rings: Neptune has faint, dark rings that are difficult to see from Earth. The rings are made up of small particles of dust and ice.
Study Questions:
- When was Neptune discovered, and by whom?
- What is Neptune's atmosphere primarily composed of?
- How many moons does Neptune have, and what is the largest one called?
- What makes Triton unique among large moons in the Solar System?
Answer: Neptune was discovered in 1846 by Johann Galle and Heinrich d'Arrest.
Answer: Neptune's atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen, helium, and methane.
Answer: Neptune has 14 known moons, and the largest one is called Triton.
Answer: Triton is unique because it orbits Neptune in the opposite direction of the planet's rotation.
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