Ribosomes

Ribosomes are small, complex structures found in all living cells. They are involved in the process of protein synthesis, where they translate the genetic code from the mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein.

Structure of Ribosomes

Ribosomes are composed of two subunits: the large subunit and the small subunit. These subunits are made up of a combination of RNA and proteins. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm as well as on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Function of Ribosomes

The main function of ribosomes is to serve as the site for protein synthesis. They read the genetic code carried by the mRNA and assemble the corresponding amino acids to form a polypeptide chain, which later folds into a functional protein. This process occurs in two main stages: translation initiation, where the ribosome binds to the mRNA and the first amino acid is positioned, and translation elongation, where the ribosome reads the mRNA codons and adds the corresponding amino acids to the growing protein chain.

Types of Ribosomes

There are two main types of ribosomes: free ribosomes and bound ribosomes. Free ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm and synthesize proteins that will remain in the cytoplasm. Bound ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and synthesize proteins that are either inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum or exported from the cell.

Study Guide

What is the main function of ribosomes?
Describe the structure of ribosomes.
Differentiate between free ribosomes and bound ribosomes.
Explain the process of protein synthesis by ribosomes.
Where are ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells?

Understanding the structure and function of ribosomes is essential in comprehending the process of protein synthesis and the role of ribosomes in cellular function.

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Worksheet/Answer key

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Worksheet/Answer key

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Worksheet/Answer key

Elements and the periodic table

Vocabulary/Answer key

Elements and the periodic table

Vocabulary/Answer key

Elements and the periodic table

Vocabulary/Answer key

Elements and the periodic table

The resources above cover the following skills:

Skills And Processes: The student will demonstrate ways of thinking and acting inherent in the practice of science. The student will use the language and instruments of science to collect, organize, interpret, calculate, and communicate information.

The student will explain why curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism are highly regarded in science.

The student will modify or affirm scientific ideas according to accumulated evidence.

The student will pose scientific questions and suggest investigative approaches to provide answers to questions.

The student will test a working hypothesis. (NTB)

The student will use relationships discovered in the lab to explain phenomena observed outside the laboratory.

The student will demonstrate that data analysis is a vital aspect of the process of scientific inquiry and communication.

The student will organize data appropriately using techniques such as tables, graphs, and webs (for graphs: axes labeled with appropriate quantities, appropriate units on axes, axes labeled with appropriate intervals, independent and dependent variables on correct axes, appropriate title).

The student will analyze data to make predictions, decisions, or draw conclusions.

The student will use analyzed data to confirm, modify, or reject a hypothesis.

The student will use appropriate methods for communicating in writing and orally the processes and results of scientific investigation.

The student will use, explain, and/or construct various classification systems.

The student will communicate conclusions derived through a synthesis of ideas.

Concepts Of Chemistry: The student will demonstrate the ability to use scientific skills and processes (Core Learning Goal 1) to explain composition and interactions of matter in the world in which we live.

The student will explain that atoms have structure and this structure serves as the basis for the properties of elements and the bonds that they form.

The student will analyze the structure of the atom and describe the characteristics of the particles found there.

The student will demonstrate that the arrangement and number of electrons and the properties of elements repeat in a periodic manner illustrated by their arrangement in the periodic table.

Ribosomes

Structure of Ribosomes

Function of Ribosomes

Types of Ribosomes

Study Guide

[Ribosomes] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

◂Chemistry Worksheets and Study Guides High School. Elements and the periodic table

The resources above cover the following skills: