Antacids

Antacids are a class of medications that are used to neutralize excess stomach acid, providing relief from conditions such as heartburn, acid indigestion, and stomach ulcers. They work by raising the pH of the stomach's contents, which in turn helps to reduce the irritation caused by the excess acid.

Composition

Most antacids contain one or more of the following active ingredients:

• Calcium carbonate
• Aluminum hydroxide
• Magnesium hydroxide
• Sodium bicarbonate

Mechanism of Action

When ingested, antacids react with the excess stomach acid to form a neutral salt and water. This reaction raises the pH of the stomach contents, leading to relief from symptoms of acid reflux and indigestion.

Side Effects

While generally considered safe, antacids can have some side effects, including:

• Constipation (with aluminum-containing antacids)
• Diarrhea (with magnesium-containing antacids)
• Calcium carbonate antacids can cause gas and belching
• Long-term use of aluminum-containing antacids can lead to aluminum toxicity

Interactions

Antacids can interact with other medications, reducing their absorption or effectiveness. It's important to consult a healthcare professional before taking antacids if you are on other medications.

Study Guide

When studying antacids, it's important to focus on the following key points:

1. Understand the mechanism of action of antacids and how they work to neutralize stomach acid.
2. Learn about the common active ingredients in antacids and their respective properties.
3. Be aware of the potential side effects and interactions of antacids with other medications.
4. Study the conditions for which antacids are commonly used and the rationale behind their use in those cases.