Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, is a organic compound with the chemical formula C2H5OH. It is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid that is commonly used as a fuel, solvent, and in alcoholic beverages.
Physical Properties: Ethanol is a volatile, flammable liquid with a boiling point of 78.37°C and a melting point of -114.1°C. It is miscible with water and has a characteristic odor.
Chemical Properties: Ethanol undergoes various chemical reactions, including combustion to produce carbon dioxide and water, oxidation to form ethanal (acetaldehyde) and then acetic acid, and esterification to form ethyl acetate.
Uses of Ethanol
Ethanol has a wide range of applications, including:
As a fuel for vehicles, either in pure form (E100) or as a blend with gasoline (E10, E85).
As a solvent for various substances, such as in the production of pharmaceuticals and perfumes.
In the manufacturing of alcoholic beverages, including beer, wine, and spirits.
When studying ethanol, it's important to focus on its chemical structure, properties, and various uses. Here are some key points to include in your study guide:
Describe the molecular structure of ethanol, highlighting the functional group and the arrangement of atoms.
Energy - A. Energy is involved in all physical and chemical processes. It is conserved, and can be transformed from one form to another and into work. At the atomic and nuclear levels energy is not continuous but exists in discrete amounts. Energy and mass are related through Einstein's equation E=mc 2 . B. The properties of atomic nuclei are responsible for energy-related phenomena such as radioactivity, fission and fusion. C. Changes in entropy and energy that accompany chemical reactions influence reaction paths. Chemical reactions result in the release or absorption of energy. D. The theory of electromagnetism explains that electricity and magnetism are closely related. Electric charges are the source of electric fields. Moving charges generate magnetic fields. E. Waves are the propagation of a disturbance. They transport energy and momentum but do not transport matter.
Relate temperature to the average molecular kinetic energy.