Fossil Fuels: Explanation and Study Guide

What are Fossil Fuels?

Fossil fuels are natural resources that are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. They are composed of hydrocarbons, which are organic compounds made of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The three main types of fossil fuels are coal, oil, and natural gas.

Formation of Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels are formed from the decomposition and transformation of organic matter over millions of years. Coal is formed from the remains of ancient plants that were buried and subjected to heat and pressure. Oil and natural gas are formed from the remains of marine organisms that were buried in sediments and transformed by heat and pressure.

Extraction and Refining

Fossil fuels are extracted from the earth through mining (coal), drilling (oil), and fracking (natural gas). Once extracted, they undergo refining processes to remove impurities and convert them into usable forms such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.

Environmental Impact

The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Their extraction and use also lead to air and water pollution, habitat destruction, and other environmental impacts.

Study Guide

1. What are the main types of fossil fuels?
2. How are fossil fuels formed?
3. Describe the extraction and refining processes of fossil fuels.
4. What are the environmental impacts of fossil fuel use?

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