Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.
Properties of Oxygen
- Physical state: Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas at room temperature and pressure.
- Boiling point: -183°C (-297°F)
- Freezing point: -218.4°C (-361.1°F)
- Density: 1.429 g/L
- Electronegativity: 3.44 (Pauling scale)
- Oxidation states: -2 (in most compounds), -1/2 (in superoxides), 0 (in elemental form), +1/2 (in ozonides)
Uses of Oxygen
Oxygen is essential for respiration and combustion. It is used in various industrial processes, including steel production, water treatment, and chemical synthesis. Medical oxygen is used for respiratory therapy and life support.
Study Guide
- What is the atomic number of oxygen?
- Describe the physical state of oxygen at room temperature and pressure.
- What is the boiling point of oxygen?
- What are the oxidation states of oxygen?
- Discuss the uses of oxygen in industry and medicine.
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PHYSICAL SCIENCE (NGSS)
Matter and Its Interactions
Students who demonstrate understanding can:
Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.
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Students who demonstrate understanding can:
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