Mercury
Mercury is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and is the only metal that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. Here are some key points to understand about mercury:
Physical Properties
- Mercury is a dense, silvery-white metal.
- It has a high surface tension, which allows it to form rounded beads when spilled.
- It has a low melting point of -38.83°C and a boiling point of 356.73°C.
- Mercury is a poor conductor of heat, but a fair conductor of electricity.
Chemical Properties
- Mercury does not react with most acids, but it does react with concentrated nitric acid to form mercury(II) nitrate.
- It forms amalgams with other metals, which makes it useful in certain industrial processes.
- Mercury is a potent neurotoxin and can be harmful to humans and wildlife if not handled properly.
Uses
- Mercury has historically been used in thermometers, barometers, and other scientific instruments.
- It is used in some electrical switches and relays due to its conductive properties.
- Mercury is also used in dental amalgam fillings and in the production of chlorine and caustic soda.
Environmental Impact
- Mercury pollution can occur through industrial processes, coal combustion, and improper disposal of products containing mercury.
- Once released into the environment, mercury can bioaccumulate in organisms and pose a threat to ecosystems and human health.
- Efforts are being made to reduce mercury emissions and phase out the use of mercury in various products to mitigate its environmental impact.
Study Guide
When studying mercury, it's important to focus on its physical and chemical properties, as well as its uses and environmental impact. Pay attention to its unique characteristics as a liquid metal and its historical and current applications in various industries. Additionally, understanding the potential risks associated with mercury exposure and the efforts to mitigate its environmental impact is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the element.
Be sure to review the periodic table to locate mercury and its position in the transition metal group. It's also helpful to study the compounds and reactions involving mercury, as well as its effects on human health and the environment.
Finally, familiarize yourself with the regulations and initiatives aimed at reducing mercury pollution and promoting safe handling and disposal practices.
[Mercury] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:
.◂Chemistry Worksheets and Study Guides High School. Measurements and Calculations
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Worksheet/Answer key