Arches in Architecture

Definition

An arch is a curved structural element that spans an open space. It is typically constructed of wedge-shaped blocks called voussoirs that transmit the downward pressure outward and downward to the supports on either side.

Types of Arches

There are several types of arches commonly used in architecture:

Round Arch: A semicircular arch with a constant radius.
Pointed Arch: Also known as a gothic arch, it has a pointed apex.
Segmental Arch: A low, wide arch that is less than a semicircle.
Horseshoe Arch: A wide, round arch that narrows as it rises.

Construction and Support

Arches are built by placing the voussoirs in a specific, predetermined sequence to form the curve. The keystone is the central voussoir at the top of the arch and locks the other stones in place. Arches rely on support from the surrounding walls or columns to distribute the weight and maintain structural integrity.

Applications

Arches have been used in architecture for thousands of years and can be found in various structures, including bridges, cathedrals, and aqueducts. They are valued for their strength, durability, and aesthetic appeal.

Study Guide

When studying arches, it's important to understand the following key points:

The structural properties of arches, including how they distribute weight and resist forces.
The different types of arches and their unique characteristics.
The historical and cultural significance of arches in architecture.
The practical applications of arches in various types of buildings and structures.

Additionally, it's beneficial to explore real-world examples of arches and analyze their design, construction, and functional aspects.

◂Chemistry Worksheets and Study Guides High School. The Science of Chemistry

Worksheet/Answer key

The Science of Chemistry

Worksheet/Answer key

The Science of Chemistry

Worksheet/Answer key

The Science of Chemistry

The resources above cover the following skills:

Nature of Science

The Practice of Science - A: Scientific inquiry is a multifaceted activity; The processes of science include the formulation of scientifically investigable questions, construction of investigations into those questions, the collection of appropriate data, the evaluation of the meaning of those data, and the communication of this evaluation. B: The processes of science frequently do not correspond to the traditional portrayal of ''the scientific method.'' C: Scientific argumentation is a necessary part of scientific inquiry and plays an important role in the generation and validation of scientific knowledge. D: Scientific knowledge is based on observation and inference; it is important to recognize that these are very different things. Not only does science require creativity in its methods and processes, but also in its questions and explanations.

Define a problem based on a specific body of knowledge, for example: biology, chemistry, physics, and earth/space science, and do the following:

Use tools to gather, analyze, and interpret data (this includes the use of measurement in metric and other systems, and also the generation and interpretation of graphical representations of data, including data tables and graphs)