Condensation

Condensation is the process by which a gas changes into a liquid. This happens when the particles of a gas lose energy and come close enough together to form a liquid. It is the opposite of evaporation, which is when a liquid changes into a gas.

Factors affecting condensation

1. Temperature: Condensation occurs when the temperature of a gas decreases, causing the particles to slow down and come closer together.
2. Humidity: High humidity levels in the air increase the likelihood of condensation, as there is more water vapor present for condensation to occur.
3. Surface area: Condensation is more likely to occur on surfaces that are cooler than the surrounding air, as the temperature difference promotes the transfer of energy from the gas to the surface, causing it to condense.

Examples of condensation

Condensation can be observed in various everyday situations:

1. Droplets of water forming on the outside of a cold drink on a hot day
2. Cloud formation in the sky as water vapor condenses into water droplets
3. Fog appearing when warm, moist air comes into contact with a cooler surface

Study guide

Here are some key points to remember about condensation:

• Condensation is the process by which a gas changes into a liquid.
• Factors affecting condensation include temperature, humidity, and surface area.
• Examples of condensation can be observed in everyday situations such as cloud formation and droplets forming on a cold surface.

Understanding condensation is important in various scientific fields and for understanding natural phenomena such as the water cycle. It is also relevant for practical applications such as in refrigeration and climate control.