Solid geometry is the study of three-dimensional shapes, also known as solids. These shapes have length, width, and height, unlike two-dimensional shapes which only have length and width.

There are several types of solids that are important to understand in solid geometry:1. Prisms: Prisms are polyhedra with two congruent parallel bases and rectangular faces. Examples include rectangular prisms, triangular prisms, and hexagonal prisms.2. Pyramids: Pyramids have a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common point called the apex. Examples include square pyramids, triangular pyramids, and pentagonal pyramids.3. Cylinders: Cylinders have two congruent parallel bases that are circles and a curved surface. Examples include circular cylinders and elliptical cylinders.4. Cones: Cones have a circular base and a curved surface that tapers to a point called the apex.5. Spheres: Spheres are three-dimensional shapes that are perfectly round, like a ball.

To work with solids, it's important to understand the formulas for their surface area and volume.1. Surface Area: - For a Prism: 2 * base area + perimeter of base * height - For a Cylinder: 2 * π * radius * (radius + height) - For a Pyramid: base area + 1/2 * perimeter of base * slant height - For a Cone: π * radius * (radius + slant height) - For a Sphere: 4 * π * radius^22. Volume: - For a Prism: base area * height - For a Cylinder: π * radius^2 * height - For a Pyramid: 1/3 * base area * height - For a Cone: 1/3 * π * radius^2 * height - For a Sphere: 4/3 * π * radius^3