Elasticity is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the ability of a material to return to its original shape and size after being deformed by an external force. When a material is subjected to stress or deformation, it undergoes a change in shape or size. The way in which the material responds to this deformation is characterized by its elastic properties.
Types of Elasticity
There are two main types of elasticity:
Young's Modulus (Elastic Modulus): This type of elasticity describes the ability of a material to withstand changes in length when under tension or compression. It is denoted by the symbol "E" and is expressed in Pascals (Pa).
Shear Modulus: This type of elasticity describes the ability of a material to withstand changes in shape when under shear stress. It is denoted by the symbol "G" and is also expressed in Pascals (Pa).
Hooke's Law
Hooke's Law is a principle that states that the force required to stretch or compress a spring is directly proportional to the displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position. Mathematically, it can be expressed as: