Mercury
Mercury is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. In this study guide, we will explore the physical and chemical properties of mercury, its uses, and its impact on the environment and health.
Physical Properties of Mercury
Mercury is a heavy, silvery-white metal that is liquid at room temperature. It has a high surface tension and forms spherical droplets when spilled. This unique property makes it useful in certain applications such as thermometers and barometers.
Chemical Properties of Mercury
Mercury is a relatively unreactive metal and does not easily form compounds with other elements. However, it can form amalgams with other metals, which makes it useful in certain industrial processes such as gold and silver extraction.
Uses of Mercury
Mercury has been used in a wide range of applications, including but not limited to:
- Thermometers and barometers
- Electrical switches and relays
- Fluorescent lamps
- Medical devices
- Artisanal and small-scale gold mining
Environmental and Health Impact
While mercury has many useful applications, it is also a potent neurotoxin that can have serious health and environmental impacts. Exposure to mercury can cause neurological and developmental problems, especially in young children and developing fetuses. Additionally, mercury pollution can contaminate water bodies and ecosystems, leading to long-term environmental damage.
Study Guide Questions
- What are the physical properties of mercury?
- How does mercury form compounds with other elements?
- What are the main uses of mercury?
- What are the environmental and health impacts of mercury?
By understanding the properties, uses, and impacts of mercury, we can make informed decisions about its use and work towards minimizing its negative effects on the environment and human health.
